Adding a feminist twist to foreign policy. But the logic of survival is an interesting notion in this context too, I feel. This is reinforced through a history of justification for European colonialism, eugenics policies of Western countries towards indigenous and racialised groups, and subsequently a logic of international development discourse projected on the global South. ‘Population Control in India: Prologue to the Emergency Period, Population and Development Review 32(4), pp. [Accessed 23 Feb 2020]. 79-85. Clarifications. Connelly, M., 2006. Malthusian doctrine, which continues to shape population, development, and foreign policy, is hinged on racialised dichotomies between populations that count (deemed to have reproductive ‘rights’) and those that do not (subjected to population control). You can also directly transfer to our bank account - we’d be so grateful: Account holder: CFFP gGmbH; IBAN: DE30 4306 0967 1224 3077 00. Building on the work and spirit of Fanon’s critique, he explores the notion of being alive, both as the basis of exercising critique, but also as the premise of potential change. In this short summary, I will firstly introduce the context of the chapter we are reading by summarising the introduction and conclusion, to then give an outline of the chapter, ultimately trying to draw some links to our ongoing discussion around the Coronavirus and governance. Laterza V, Römer L. COVID-19, the Freedom to Die, and the Necropolitics of the Market. Cream, J., 1995. © 2020 Culture, Politics and Global Justice, Cambridge Peace and Education Research Group events, Transforming universities for a post-carbon world lecture series, Lakoff’s Global Health Security and the Pathogenic Imaginary, Kelly et al’s ‘Uncertainty in times of medical emergency…’ (2020), Povinelli’s ‘Three Figures of Geontology’, Between ‘death worlds’ and resistance: the Roma in Romania during the COVID-19 crisis | Discover Society. ‘Necropolitics’ is his seminal treatise of the notion of bio- and necro-power, a reconsideration of Foucault’s take on biopolitics, initially published as an article in Public Text in 2003. The review below is written by Simina Dragos, MPhil student in the Faculty of Education. Malthusianism, based on the underlying principle that finite resources and high fertility rates pose a ‘crisis’ to the depletion of the earth’s resources, has shaped neo-Malthusian approaches to birth control as a means to achieve population control. The figure of the passer-by invokes the universality of humanity;  not in a European colonial way, but in a poetic recognition of the human condition of “journeying, of movement, and of transfiguration” (p. 187). The hierarchy of disposability is of course not equalised by the virus: in its geopolitics of aid, China is keen to send 1000 ventilators to New York, but far fewer to the whole of Africa, where ventilators are very scarce due to several decades of structural adjustment programmes and their neoliberal aftermath. All of a sudden, the elderly of European welfare states that had for long benefited from the accumulation and extraction of wealth from cheap labour and raw materials from the Global South, find themselves to be disposable bodies, rather than privileged pensioners enjoying the spoils of post-WWII well-resourced social democracies. Minorities, the poor, racialised groups, and non-binary bodies illustrate necro-subjectivity by being positioned outside of and beyond the realms of citizenship while being targets of the biopolitics of population control. This figure which can recreate the world, along with the awareness that Europe is no longer the centre of the world, having lost its monopoly over epistemology and history, reminded me of Walter Mignolo’s notion of delinking, and ends the book on a hopeful tone. So paradoxically the preservation of life under the Chinese model has become a synonym of Foucaldian “biopolitics” and “governmentality” – with the worst connotation possible, of course – while the freedom to consume in crowded malls and to worship in packed churches is vehemently advocated by market and Christian fundamentalists alike. “Necropolitics.” Public Culture. War machines work through different technologies of destruction: technologized, efficient, immediate ones, mirroring the ideologies which shape our world. This is the context in which the chapter we are reading this fortnight, Necropolitics (chapter 3), is situated. The Cold War provided a significant foreign policy dimension in leveraging the biopower of western agencies over formerly colonised global South countries into accepting such packages and programmes. And indeed in the everyday narratives of the pandemic by many southern Europeans rebelling against the strict biopolitical regimes of COVID-19 containment in countries such as Italy, Spain and Greece – even in the face of death tolls that were unthinkable in contemporary times of (southern) European privilege – one cannot fail to sense this metaphysical tension between death and freedom: the freedom to die stoically, set above the unfreedom of containment – to live longer and perhaps still relatively free in a post-pandemic world, one could add. In chapter 3 Mbembe guides the reader through a sort of genealogy (in a Foucauldian sense) of death in the modern state, looking at the workings of necropower in early modernity, then late modernity and then close to the present moment. http://somatosphere.net/2020/necropolitics-of-the-market.html/ (accessed November 12, 2020). Mbembe then argues that the modern colonial occupation differs from the early modern occupation in the combination of the disciplinary, the biopolitical and the necropolitical. COVID-19, the Freedom to Die, and the Necropolitics of the Market. ( Log Out /  ‘From population control to reproductive rights. In other words, who is disposable and who isn’t, and how is the power to decide on this matter enacted. Scroll.in [online]. Louis Philippe Römer is Visiting Assistant Professor of Anthropology at Vassar College. There is some hope though that the truly global, albeit highly uneven, dimension of this pandemic might lift the veil of false consciousness that has so far separated the North from the South, the West from “the rest”. Hence, to kill or to allow to live constitute the limits of sovereignty, its fundamental attributes” (2003: 11). Laterza, Vito and Louis Philippe Römer. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. “Recentering ‘Race’ in Development: Population Policies and Global Capital Accumulation in the Era of SDGs”, Globalizations, pp. In response, Africanist historian Chambi Chachage (2020) rightly highlights the erasure of decades of postcolonial history of dealing with epidemics that such narratives promote. The Strange Case of the Disappearing Coronavirus, Very, very mild: Covid-19 symptoms and illness classification, A reader’s guide to the “ontological turn” – Part 1, A reader’s guide to the “ontological turn” – Part 4, Varieties of Tulpa Experiences: Sentient Imaginary Friends, Embodied Joint Attention, and Hypnotic Sociality in a Wired World, Philippe Descola's Beyond Nature and Culture. The chapter starts off with the premise that sovereignty resides in the power to dictate who is able to live and who shall die – a proposition we are not that unfamiliar with, given that the first response of the UK government to the COVID-19 virus was the rather self-explanatory (and yet obscure) notion of ‘herd immunity’. It is simply no longer sufficient for feminist scholarship to uphold and defend reproductive ‘rights’ while social death is simultaneously being sanctioned within the same apparatus of population policy. The creation of an enemy of the state that must be eliminated is facilitated through the installation of a racial regime in both early and late modernity. Before summarising this argument, I’ll give you a spoiler of the definition of necropower/necropolitics (although you probably figured it out already). In the introduction to the book, Mbembe sets the scene aptly, describing our contemporary world in which (racist) nationalisms are rising and relations of enmity are being reconfigured. ( Log Out /  Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. With each Republican president’s inauguration, the Gag Rule has been reinstated, which has not only threatened access to safe abortion but has cut funding for frontline, essential healthcare services in many countries. To illustrate this point, he draws on the example on Palestine, in which violence, terror, death and sovereignty are interwoven in convoluted ways (for example by appeal to a divine right), resulting in complex surveillance and control strategies. Don't worry - we won't share your information. When it comes to menstruation, unequal access to menstrual products has been found to have significant impacts on women’s lives. There is need for feminist introspection in relation to the very notion of reproductive ‘rights’ within the past and current US-led neo-colonial trajectory which upholds global capitalism while binding post-colonial states to it through the spread of security, population and other aligning discourses.

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