2007; Horta et al. Duration and legal status: In terms of length of leave, there is variation not only in terms of the number of weeks available, but also in whether the leave is mandatory, non-mandatory, or a combination thereof. Stuebe, A., "The risks of not breastfeeding for mothers and infants," Reviews in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2 (4), 2009, pp. In Austria, Greece and Germany, maternity leave pay is sourced from a combination of employer and governmental funds. Does the United States or China Have More Influence in the Indo-Pacific? When that is the case, any remaining leave that you do not take during your parental leave will be forfeited. However, in all these cases except for Malta, employers are later reimbursed by the government. For more information, see However, this proposal was withdrawn in July 2015. These factors will likely account for the long-lasting health benefits of breastfeeding. This is broken into six weeks before the expected birth date and eight weeks after. Fathers can start parental leave (the earliest) at the childbirth and mothers can start theirs' after the end of their (six-weeks-long) maternity leave. “Parental Allowance and Parental Leave.” Labour market participation: Research has suggested that the rate at which women engage in the labour market is generally impacted upon by maternity leave provisions both before and after pregnancy. For example, extending maternity leave can mean a potential loss of productivity, although this depends on a number of factors: whether a shorter period of leave would induce the mother to return to work early rather than move into part-time work or give up work entirely, and whether her role might be filled by another person (Akgunduz & Plantenga 2013). Want to discuss real-world problems, be involved in the most engaging discussions and hear from the journalists? Isolated incidents that were quickly rectified were used to imply widespread voter fraud was occurring in 2020. 0000001431 00000 n 135–146. For example, if a six-month period of leave is put in place primarily on the grounds of the impact of breastfeeding on child health and development, the leave may be seen as primarily pertaining to women. There is also variation across countries in the length and type of both pre-natal and post-natal maternity leave; however, for brevity, only post-natal maternity leave is examined here. 2015). 525–535. 167–177. Alternatively, maternity leave can be unpaid. In Germany, father or mother can take up to 52 weeks of parental leave with a minimum of 2 months for each parent. 0000001929 00000 n     Accessed 16 March 2017. It allows our most engaged readers to debate the big issues, share their own experiences, discuss 'active' : ''"> If you wish to go into parental leave between the 3rd and 8th birthday of your child, you must notify your boss at least 13 weeks in advance. Expectant mothers are also required to use three of their benefit weeks prior to their child’s birth and can start using their benefits up to 12 weeks before the child’s due date, though only nine of those weeks would be withdrawn from their accrued leave time. Sanders’ post was also accompanied by an image listing individual claims about parental leave policies in Canada, Germany, and Norway.

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