Use of the term is usually restricted to those water-bearing formations capable of yielding water in sufficient quantity to constitute a usable supply for people's uses. Equal to 325,851 gallons or 1,233 cubic meters. See evaporation. Solid material in sewage also settles out in this process. organic matter--plant and animal residues, or substances made by living organisms. Pay attention to this number when booking your trip as you soon will learn, water levels make a BIG difference on your whitewater rafting experience! marsh--a primarily grassy area where water covers the ground most of the time. unsaturated zone--the zone immediately below the land surface where the pores contain both water and air, but are not totally saturated with water. PCBs were frequently found in industrial wastes, and subsequently found their way into surface and groundwaters. municipal water system--a water system that has at least five service connections or which regularly serves 25 individuals for 60 days; also called a public water system. secondary wastewater treatment--treatment (following primary wastewater treatment) involving the biological process of reducing suspended, colloidal, and dissolved organic matter in effluent from primary treatment systems and which generally removes 80 to 95 percent of the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and suspended matter. pathogen--a disease-producing agent; usually applied to a living organism. (2) the entrance of a portion of the streamflow into the channel materials to contribute to groundwater replenishment. A geological formation or structure that stores and/or transmits water, such as to wells and springs. Land alongside rivers can be protected from flooding by levees. Drainage is provided through underground channels that may be enlarged by the collapse of a cavern roof. Water turns to ice at 32 degrees Fahrenheit. Search options; Acronym Meaning; ... White Water Rafting, Hydrology, Construction. An example would be homeowners getting their water from their own well. polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)--a group of synthetic, toxic industrial chemical compounds once used in making paint and electrical transformers, which are chemically inert and not biodegradable. Cracks and fissures can appear in the land. The value is determined by multiplying the cross sectional area of the stream, in square feet, times the speed or velocity of the water… Specifically, an acid has more free hydrogen ions (H+) than hydroxyl ions (OH-). The complete wastewater treatment process typically involves a three-phase process: (1) First, in the primary wastewater treatment process, which incorporates physical aspects, untreated water is passed through a series of screens to remove solid wastes; (2) Second, in the secondary wastewater treatment process, typically involving biological and chemical processes, screened wastewater is then passed a series of holding and aeration tanks and ponds; and (3) Third, the tertiary wastewater treatment process consists of flocculation basins, clarifiers, filters, and chlorine basins or ozone or ultraviolet radiation processes. river--A natural stream of water of considerable volume, larger than a brook or creek. The diversion figure in water right applications is the quantity of water expressed as a flow rate in cfs (cubic feet per second) and/or as a volume in acre-feet to be taken from a well, river, spring, etc. self-supplied water--water withdrawn from a surface- or groundwater source by a user rather than being obtained from a public supply. When the gates are closed, water is held back and not released south. thermal pollution--a reduction in water quality caused by increasing its temperature, often due to disposal of waste heat from industrial or power generation processes. * 1 cfs = 1.983 acre-feet per day = 646,320 gallons = 2447 cubic meters of water. The MCL is the greatest amount of a contaminant that can be present in drinking water without causing a risk to human health. effluent--water that flows from a sewage treatment plant after it has been treated. Water with a pH of 7 is neutral; lower pH levels indicate increasing acidity, while pH levels higher than 7 indicate increasingly basic solutions.View a diagram about pH. It includes natural and human-induced streamflows. vapor--created when a substance (such as water) is in a gas state. A basic primer on cfs: The number of CFS (Cubic Feet per Second) is a measure of the volume of water passing a specific point each second of time. groundwater, confined--groundwater under pressure significantly greater than atmospheric, with its upper limit the bottom of a bed with hydraulic conductivity distinctly lower than that of the material in which the confined water occurs. The first person to take a quantity of water and put it to beneficial use has a higher priority of right than a subsequent user. Water drops on the outside of a cold glass of water are condensed water. groundwater recharge--inflow of water to a groundwater reservoir from the surface. The upper surface of the saturate zone is called the water table. The gates in McHenry and Algonquin have been running wide open since more than 7 inches of rain fell over the area last week. domestic water use--water used for household purposes, such as drinking, food preparation, bathing, washing clothes, dishes, and dogs, flushing toilets, and watering lawns and gardens. They differ from state to state and often depend on whether the water is a river, lake, or ocean. sewer--a system of underground pipes that collect and deliver wastewater to treatment facilities or streams. acre-foot (acre-ft)--the volume of water required to cover 1 acre of land (43,560 square feet) to a depth of 1 foot. Top CFS abbreviation meanings updated October 2020. With this said, CFS is very important to be aware of as different levels will give you different experiences on the water. The first person to take a quantity of water and put it to Beneficial Use has a higher priority of right than a subsequent user. The systems have at least 15 service connections (such as households, businesses, or schools) or regularly serve at least 25 individuals daily for at least 60 days out of the year. For instance, rainfall that seeps into the ground. evaporation--the process of liquid water becoming water vapor, including vaporization from water surfaces, land surfaces, and snow fields, but not from leaf surfaces. sediment--usually applied to material in suspension in water or recently deposited from suspension. geyser--a geothermal feature of the Earth where there is an opening in the surface that contains superheated water that periodically erupts in a shower of water and steam. injection well--refers to a well constructed for the purpose of injecting treated wastewater directly into the ground. potentiometric surface/piezometric surface--the imaginary line where a given reservoir of fluid will "equalize out to" if allowed to flow; a potentiometric surface is based on hydraulic principles. It is a land feature that can be identified by tracing a line along the highest elevations between two areas on a map, often a ridge. Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a complicated disorder characterized by extreme fatigue that lasts for at least six months and that can't be fully explained by an underlying medical condition. Capillary action is essential in carrying substances and nutrients from one place to another in plants and animals. As this runoff moves across the land surface, it picks up soil particles and pollutants, such as nutrients and pesticides. The rights can be lost through nonuse; they can also be sold or transferred apart from the land. Many sedimentary rocks show distinct layering, which is the result of different types of sediment being deposited in succession. The Des Plaines River watershed flows south for 133 miles through southern Wisconsin and northern Illinois, eventually meeting the Kankakee River west of Channahon and from there into the Illinois River. The doctrine of Prior Appropriation was in common use throughout the arid West as early settlers and miners began to develop the land. The Chain will crest when the inflows and outflows are the same, and it will lower when the outflow is greater than the inflow. Activated sludge and trickling filters are two of the most common means of secondary treatment. alkalinity--the capacity of water for neutralizing an acid solution. This is the volume of water flowing. permeability--the ability of a material to allow the passage of a liquid, such as water through rocks. (1) As corrected in 1929, a vertical control measure used as a reference for establishing varying elevations. headwater(s)--(1) the source and upper reaches of a stream; also the upper reaches of a reservoir. The prior appropriation doctrine is based on the concept of "First in Time, First in Right."

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