Johnson also strengthened Lincoln's appeal to the Union's working class, especially the Irish. The 1863 constitution changed the electoral system from a direct vote to an indirect vote. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Still, much of the campaigning that did follow consisted of parades and rallies that boosted interest in the election (on election day some four-fifths of eligible voters turned out). The Republican convention was held in Chicago on May 16–18. Although not a presidential election, the off-year congressional election of 1866 was in fact a referendum election for President Andrew Johnson. Trying to transcend the sectional divide was the Constitutional Union Party, which was formed in 1859 by former Whigs and members of the Know-Nothing Party. The Constitutional Unionists named former senators John Bell of Tennessee and Edward Everett of Massachusetts as their presidential and vice presidential nominees, respectively. One observer later said that the President lost one million Northern voters as a result of his tour. Lincoln was reelected in a landslide victory in which he earned ten times more Electoral College votes than McClellan. Presidential elections were held in the United States of Colombia in February 1866. Rather it was a midterm election that refreshed the United States Congress. The Democratic Party held its convention in April–May 1860 in Charleston, S.C., where a disagreement over the official party policy on slavery prompted dozens of delegates from Southern states to withdraw. The 1868 United States presidential election was the 21st quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 3, 1868. United States presidential election of 1860, American presidential election held on November 6, 1860, in which Republican Abraham Lincoln defeated Southern Democrat John C. Breckinridge, Democrat Stephen A. Douglas, and Constitutional Union candidate John Bell. At the same time, key decisions by the U.S. Supreme Court struck at the protections afforded by Reconstruction-era constitutional amendments and legislation. Although not a presidential election, the off-year congressional election of 1866 was in fact a referendum election for President Andrew Johnson. His “main object,” he had written, was to “hedge against divisions in the Republican ranks,” and he counseled party workers to “say nothing on points where it is probable we shall disagree.” With Republicans united, and with division within the Democratic Party and surrounding Bell’s candidacy, the primary fear that Republicans had was that some disunity might appear and hamper their chances. At his party’s national convention in Baltimore in June 1864, President Lincoln relied on Tennessee’s convention delegates, William G. Brownlow and Horace Maynard, to publicly make the case for Johnson—and this they did, with stirring speeches that praised Johnson for having stood loyal while “in the very furnace of the rebellion.” Lincoln’s backers in the North delighted in contrasting Andy Johnson’s rock-ribbed loyalty to the Union with the altogether less admirable record of McClellan’s running mate, George H. Pendleton of Ohio. https://www.britannica.com/event/United-States-presidential-election-of-1860, History Central - Presidential Elections 1860, Encyclopedia Virginia - United States Presidential Election of 1860, Social Studies for Kids - The Election of 1860, Maps of World - U.S. Presidential Election 1860, United States presidential election of 1856, United States presidential election of 1864, Presidency of the United States of America. Chile This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Chile Law Constitution John C. Breckinridge of Kentucky was the candidate of the Southern Democrats, whose campaign was based on the demand for federal legislation and intervention to protect slaveholding. The results in the South are instructive in understanding the deep sectional divide. At the convention, Johnson came in second in the balloting on the first vote, trailing first-place leader George H. Pendleton of Ohio 105 to 65. Abraham Lincoln defeated Democrat George B. McClellan . Later, the House of Representatives, in voting its articles of impeachment against Johnson, would charge him with disgracing his office by attempting to appeal directly to the people for support in the 1866 elections—something that was considered to be demagogic and beneath the dignity of a President at the time. Entering the convention, Sen. William H. Seward of New York was considered the favourite for the nomination, and on the first ballot he led Abraham Lincoln, who had been defeated in Illinois in 1858 for the U.S. Senate by Douglas, as well as a host of other candidates. Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia, Notice of Non-Discrimination and Equal Opportunity. Constitutional Unionist John Bell won 12.6 percent of the vote and 39 electoral votes. Thaddeus Stevens of Pennsylvania grumbled in the Senate that the Republicans should have found a candidate "without going down into one of those damned rebel provinces." Douglas won nearly 30 percent of the vote but won only Missouri’s 12 electoral votes. The Chilean presidential election of 1866 took place through a system of electors, and resulted in the election as President of José Joaquín Pérez. By the summer of 1866, Johnson had lost support within the Republican Party for his Reconstruction policies. (See the Domestic Affairs section for details.) Northern Democrat Stephen A. Douglas took nearly 30 percent of the vote but won only Missouri’s 12 electoral votes. It was the first presidential election to take place after the conclusion of the American Civil War and the abolition of slavery. By the summer of 1866, Johnson had lost support within the Republican Party for his Reconstruction policies. Professor of History The 1860 United States presidential election was the 19th quadrennial presidential election.It was held on Tuesday, November 6, 1860. Black Friday Sale! It was the first election in which African Americans could vote in the reconstructed Southern states, in accordance with the First Reconst… He attempted to win the Democratic nomination at the convention in the newly completed Tammany Hall in New York. Running a "bloody shirt" campaign, which tagged the Democrats as the party of secession and treason, the Republicans swept to victory, winning 53 percent of the popular vote to Seymour's 47 percent. Campaign poster for the Constitutional Union Party, with John Bell (left) and Edward Everett, 1860. Most importantly, when General William Sherman successfully marched through Georgia in September, delivering Atlanta to Lincoln as an election present, the sentiment for Lincoln united the party behind him. The electoral split between Northern and Southern Democrats was emblematic of the severe sectional split, particularly over slavery, and in the months following Lincoln’s election (and before his inauguration in March 1861) seven Southern states, led by South Carolina on December 20, 1860, seceded, setting the stage for the American Civil War (1861–65). The 1866 United States elections occurred in the middle of National Union/Democratic President Andrew Johnson's term, during the Third Party System and Reconstruction.Johnson had become president on April 15, 1865, upon the death of his predecessor, Abraham Lincoln.Members of the 40th United States Congress were chosen in this election. Moderate Republicans eagerly supported Johnson, who was known for his tough stand against the planter aristocracy, although Hamlin lobbied hard to retain his place on the ticket. Other Radical Republicans had called a convention in Cleveland and nominated John Frémont for the presidency and General John Cochrane for the vice presidency, but with Johnson on the ticket, Lincoln's hand was strengthened with moderates even as he lost support from the right wing of his party. Although not a presidential election, the off-year congressional election of 1866 was in fact a referendum election for President Andrew Johnson. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Updates? At Baltimore the Democrats nominated Douglas, who easily defeated Kentuckian John C. Breckinridge, the sitting vice president of the United States. The result was a victory for Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera of the Liberal Party. Abraham Lincoln of Illinois was the candidate of the generally antislavery Republican Party. Though many party members favoured the total abolition of slavery, the party pragmatically did not call for abolition in those states that already had slavery. The Democratic Party split in two. He traveled from Philadelphia to New York City, then through upstate New York and west to Ohio before heading back to Washington, D.C. Bell, who won 12.6 percent of the vote, secured 39 electoral votes by winning Kentucky, Tennessee, and Virginia. Electoral system. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? By the summer of 1866, Johnson had lost support within the Republican Party for his Reconstruction policies. Nothing less than the fate of the Union was at stake in the U.S. presidential election of 1860. Having escaped being convicted in his May 1868 impeachment trial by one vote, Johnson had no chance of being reelected as President. Disaffected Democrats, largely Southerners, then nominated Breckinridge, with Sen. Joseph Lane of Oregon as his running mate. The result was a victory for Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera of the Liberal Party. Following on the heels of the Dred Scott decision of 1857, in which the U.S. Supreme Court voided the Missouri Compromise (1820), thus making slavery legal in all U.S. territories, the election of 1860 was sure to further expose sectional differences between those, especially (but not solely) in the North, who wanted to abolish slavery and those who sought to protect the institution. Cartoon of the 1860 U.S. presidential election showing three of the candidates—(left to right) Republican Abraham Lincoln, Northern Democrat Stephen A. Douglas, and Southern Democrat John C. Breckinridge—tearing the country apart while the Constitutional Union candidate, John Bell, applies glue from a tiny useless pot. By the time of Lincoln’s inauguration in March, seven Southern states had seceded, and barely a month after Lincoln became president, the country became engaged in civil war. United States presidential election of 1860. The 1868 United States presidential election was the 21st quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 3, 1868.In the first election of the Reconstruction Era, Republican nominee Ulysses S. Grant defeated Horatio Seymour of the Democratic Party.It was the first presidential election to take place after the conclusion of the American Civil War and the abolition of slavery. After a unity meeting of 7,000 delegates at the National Union Convention—which met in Philadelphia on August 14—failed to bridge the growing gap between Johnson and the Republicans, the determined President decided to take the issue to the people. In federal elections from the 1870s to the 1890s, the parties were in rough balance—except in the South, which became solidly Democratic. By the summer of 1866, Johnson had lost support within the Republican Party for his Reconstruction policies. Additionally, Johnson was a widely recognized champion of the nation's so-called yeoman Democrats, a term that embraced small farmers and village artisans everywhere in the Union. Sen. Hannibal Hamlin of Maine was nominated as Lincoln’s running mate. What most angered Republicans who read the press reports of Johnson’s public speeches was that he brazenly accused the “Radical Congress” of inciting black violence in the South and of trying to “poison the minds of the American people” against him.

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